Wednesday, May 15, 2013

College Study #22: "God's Omnipotence"




‘Behold, the Lamb of God’s

ide o amnos tou theou

College Study

22nd teaching

1.28.2013

 
 

The ‘Omni’ Doctrines:

“God’s Omnipotence”

 


          Turn to Jeremiah 32:16-27


          We’re going to examine the three doctrines of God known as Omnipotence, Omnipresence and Omniscience. I’m going to refer to these triple doctrines as the Omni-doctrines. There’s a fourth doctrine known as Omnibenevolence, but we’ll address that later on as God’s goodness. Tonight, though, we’re going to begin this three part series by addressing Omnipotence.

          Now we saw the doctrine of Omnipotence in the passage we just read. But Omnipotence is a very religious-sounding word, and often with religious words we seem to lose what exactly the word means. We don’t want a mystical, kind of vague understanding of the teachings of God, so tonight we need to address just what this religious-sounding word means, where it came from, what it means in the Bible and so on. We need to nail down what this means.

          Again, our goal in this college study is to know God and thereby to love God, and to be able to share the truths of God with others. So we need to have this concrete. We need to know what we’re talking about, and there’s a specific danger of not knowing what you’re talking about when it comes to religious-sounding words. It tends to get subjective, all fuzzy and mystical, and so you have folks walking around saying that this or that is true for them but maybe not true for you. No, it’s all or nothing. It’s true or un-true. Truth or truth-not.

          Thomas Aquinas, 13th century priest and theologian, wrote that while “all confess that God is omnipotent… it seems difficult to explain in what God’s omnipotence precisely consists.” In other words, a thinker like Aquinas found it difficult to explain Omnipotence, its definition and its extent.

          So we want to hit FOUR points tonight, so we can get this down correctly:

1.    The definition of Omnipotence

2.    The extent of Omnipotence

3.    The Biblical basis of Omnipotence

4.    The Personal Value of Omnipotence

 

1.   The definition of Omnipotence

          As we just read in Jeremiah, the LORD God Almighty has said “Is there anything too hard for me?” He has asked if there be anything too difficult, too dangerous, too hard for Him to accomplish. The implied answer is, Heck no.

          This is where the doctrine of Omnipotence comes in.

          Omnipotence comes from the Latin word Omnipotens, which means “all-powerful”. In our English Bibles, the common translation is “almighty”. In Revelation 19:6, the word Omnipotent appears in the phrase “for the Lord God omnipotent reigneth”. The English is translated of course from the original Hebrew and Greek texts.

          Literally, Omnipotence means that God has unlimited power. There is nothing which is too hard for God to do. Case in point found in Genesis 17:1-8.

          Abram, later renamed Abraham, had his faith tested tremendously. God had told Abraham that he was become the father of a numerous people, which of course meant that Abraham needed children. But here, Abraham is ninety-nine years old and childless. His wife too is really up there. They’re two old people. And yet God said to them all these promises of descendants, while pre-staging the promises with the statement “I am Almighty God”.

          In the original Hebrew, the word for Almighty is the word shaddai. It literally means Most Powerful. That’s where we get the name of God El Shaddai, which means Almighty God.

          So God was saying to Abraham “I’ve made these promises, but I will keep them. Why? Because I am able to. Nothing is too hard for me. I am Almighty God.” The basis for believing God’s promise was the fact of God’s Omnipotence.

          *In the New Testament, the Greek word pantokrator describes this teaching of God’s Omnipotence. See Revelation 1:8. The Almighty, that’s the word pantokrator. It literally means He who holds sway over all things, the ruler of all, almighty.

          So while the English word Omnipotence is never used by the Bible, it certainly has its own counterparts in Hebrew and in Greek, shaddai and pantokrator. These words form the teaching of God’s all-powerfulness, His Omnipotence.

          Now we know what Omnipotence is: all-powerful and almighty. But we must couple the definition with our next point…

2.   The extent of Omnipotence

          Critics and atheists sometimes believe they have found God’s omnipotence to be contradictory and self-defeating. There’s an old question known as the Omnipotence Paradox, that goes: “Can God make a rock too big that even He cannot lift it? If He can, then the Rock is now cannot be lifted, limiting God’s power. But if He cannot, then God is still not all-powerful because He cannot create that rock.”

          So is there a contradiction in omnipotence? What is the extent of God’s power, and if it has an extent, doesn’t that imply that it has a limit?

          After all the Bible says in Matthew 19:26 that “with God all things are possible.” But if all things are possible for God, how can His own Word also say that He cannot do certain things. Hebrews 6:18 says it is impossible for God to lie. II Timothy 2:13 says that God cannot deny Himself. In Matthew 23:37, Jesus cries out over the city “O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, the one who kills the prophets and stones those who are sent to her! How often I wanted to gather your children together, as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, but you were not willing!” God desired to gather the children of Jerusalem to Himself, but He could not force them to.

          If God cannot do something, doesn’t that mean that God is not all-powerful after all?

          C. S. Lewis, in his book the Problem of Pain, wrote: “His Omnipotence means power to do all that is intrinsically possible, not to do the intrinsically impossible. You may attribute miracles to him, but not nonsense. This is no limit to His power. If you choose to say ‘God can give a creature free will and at the same time withhold free will from it,’ you have not succeeded in saying anything about God: meaningless combinations of words do not suddenly acquire meaning simply because we prefix to them the two other words ‘God can’… It remains true that all things are possible with God: the intrinsic impossibilities are not things but nonentities. It is no more possible for God than for the weakest of His creatures to carry out both of two mutually exclusive alternatives; not because His power meets an obstacle, but because nonsense remains nonsense even when we talk it about God.”

          What Lewis said in short was that saying that if Omnipotence allows God to do the logically impossible it is nonsense, even nonsense for God. Impossible is impossible. An action which is in itself contradictory, such as telling a true-lie, is impossible for God to do. Not that this limits His power, because God can do all things, but contradictory actions do not exist, and are, as Lewis says, nonentities.

          And for God to lie or to deny His own nature would be contradictory, a logical impossibility, a nonentity which cannot exist and which therefore God cannot do.

          Norman Geisler, the modern apologist, writes: “…omnipotence does not mean that God can do what is contradictory.” Again, to use C. S. Lewis’ terms, that would be nonsense. And nonsense is nonsense even for God. Geisler also says “Further, omnipotence does not mean that God must do all that He can do. It simply means that He has the power to do whatever is possible, even if He choose not to do some things. God is free not to use His omnipotence whenever He desires…”

          Lest we come to think that this is a triumph of modern theology, consider this quote from a man named Origen. Origen Adamantius was an early church Christian writer, who died circa 253AD. He said “We do not back ourselves into a most absurd corner, saying that with God all things are possible. For we know how to understand this word all. It does not refer either to things that are non-existent or that are inconceivable. For example, we maintain that God cannot do what is disgraceful, for then He would be capable of ceasing to be God. For if He does anything that is disgraceful, he is not God.”

          So the actual extent of Omnipotence is without limit. God remains unlimited in His power, while at the same time being unable to do what is inconceivable. And the inconceivable is the illogical, the unreasonable and the contradictory. God cannot lie because God is truth. God cannot cease to live because He is life. God cannot make a Rock bigger than Himself because there is nothing bigger than His own infinity.

          Omnipotence means that God can do whatever is actually possible to do. He cannot make a square triangle, for example. That’s a contradiction.

          Don’t get all hung up with non-believers over the subject of God’s omnipotence. God can certainly do anything, since a contradiction is nothing at all. God can work miracles, but not nonsense.

3.   The Biblical basis of Omnipotence

          An American pastor by the name of Tony Campolo is quoted as having said “Nowhere in the Hebrew Scriptures does it say that God is omnipotent. On the one hand, he is technically correct. As we’ve already seen, the Bible never uses the word omnipotent. But on the other hand, if this pastor is suggesting that the doctrine of God’s omnipotence is unbiblical, he isn’t just technically wrong. He is very wrong. That’s just bad theology.

          We’ve already seen the words shaddai in Hebrew and pantokratos in Greek express this doctrine of God being Almighty, as being all-powerful. But besides these words, Scripture is absolutely full of declarations of God’s power. Allow me a brief selection of them. (volunteers read?)

          Psalm 115:3

          Isaiah 43:13

          Jeremiah 49:19

          Daniel 4:35

          One of my favorite passages on the power of God is in the book of Job. Turn to Job 38. Job was a righteous, upstanding guy who suddenly suffered a whole lot, and most of the book of Job is occupied by Job’s discussion with his three friends on the nature of his suffering and the nature of pain and the nature of God.

          Eventually, Job clings to his own righteousness as his defense, implying that God has wronged him. At the end of the book, God Himself addresses Job as a voice from a whirlwind. What God says to Job forms some of the most eloquent Scriptures on God’s sovereignty, supremacy and sheer, unequaled power.

          Read Job 38.

          And it goes on. Pretty humbling. If Job, or if anyone, should think that they were greater than God, they would not think so after reading these words. God alone in His power can do these great things.

          So, the power of God is biblical, it’s epic and it’s in the book.

4.   The Personal Value of Omnipotence

          Let’s summarize what we know thus far: Omnipotence is not word used in the Bible but it is implied in the clear teaching of God being Almighty. The Omnipotence of God means that God is able to do anything, anything which it is actually possible to do in reality. God cannot perform actions which are self-contradictory or actions which will contradict Himself. Therefore, God can create ex nihilo, out of nothing, He can move stars, shake mountains, tear down nations and even redeem the most wretched sinner. But though God can do these things, God cannot lie, cannot deny Himself, and cannot cease to be Himself.

          Now, when we come to this last point of the Personal Value of Omnipotence, I mean to address whatever application we can gain from this doctrine. Let’s for a moment, jump to another subject.

          Charles Darwin once said “I cannot persuade myself that a beneficent and omnipotent God would have designedly created parasitic wasps with the express intention of their feeding with the living bodies of Caterpillars.”

          Now what Charlie there addressed is the great Problem of Evil, or the Problem of Pain, as C. S. Lewis so entitled his book. The Problem of Evil does tie in with God’s Omnipotence.

          For, if God is all-powerful, then He can defeat evil.

          And if God is all-good, then He would defeat evil.

          But evil exists.

          Therefore God is not powerful or good or both, or He doesn’t exist at all.

          The Problem of Evil is a question which millions have on their minds when they come to think about God. The Bible clearly says that God loves and that God is all-powerful, as we’ve seen. But how could an Almighty God of love allow, say, school shootings or natural disasters or wars that claim the lives of millions?

          John Stott was an Anglican leader who once said “The fact of suffering undoubtedly constitutes the single greatest challenge to the Christian faith, and has been in every generation. [suffering’s] distribution and degree appear to be entirely random and therefore unfair. Sensitive spirits ask if it can possibly be reconciled with God’s justice and love”.

          So does the Problem of Evil defeat the doctrine of God’s Omnipotence? How can God be all powerful and loving if evil exists at all? As the ancient Greek philosopher Epicurus posed: “If God both can and wants to abolish evil, then how comes evil in the world?”

          Consider that the present existence of Evil does not guarantee the permanent existence of Evil. An all-good God would defeat evil, and an all-powerful God can defeat evil, and evil as we know it is not yet defeated, therefore, evil will be defeated.

          The Problem of Evil is not really a problem, but a promise. The Problem of Evil seen in this way turns out to be the Promise of Evil’s Defeat.

          See, God’s Omnipotence is a doctrine of His nature which closely relates to His promises, specifically, whether He is able to keep His promises.

          Geisler, again, says “Omnipotence also provides us with assurance that God will keep His Word, whether it is made in predictions about the future or promises to us in the present. For example, an all-knowing God can predict the future, but only an all-powerful God can perform what He predicts. Likewise, an all-loving God can promise salvation, but only an all-powerful God can accomplish what He has promised. In short, God’s predictions and promises are no better than His power to perform them.”

          In a nutshell, God’s Omnipotence is a proof of His Faithfulness. Since God is all-powerful, each promise and prediction He makes will become true, even as it applies to the so-called Problem of Evil.

          Remember Abraham whom we just talked about. His story is such a prime example. He was given promises which seemed impossible and ridiculous. How could a man and a woman in their nineties have a son? And yet they believed and they did have a son. Even when God told Abraham to take that son and offer him as a sacrifice on a mountain, we’re told that “by faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises offered up his only begotten son, of whom it was said ‘In Isaac your seed shall be called,’ concluding that God was ABLE to raise him up, even from the dead…” (Hebrews 11:17-19). Of Abraham we’re told in Romans 4:20 that “He did not waver at the promise of God through unbelief, but was strengthened in faith, giving glory to God, and being fully convinced that what He had promised He was also able to perform.

          At a hundred years old, Abraham believed that God could do as He said He would do. Abraham was convinced that God is able. And Abraham was not let down. So… are you so convinced?

          Really all of this boils down to a question of faith, of trust. We’ve seen the Scriptures. We’ve examined the logic. We’ve heard from some of the best and brightest minds out of the past. But it comes down to faith. Do you believe that God is able? Do you trust that God will complete His work He began in your life? Do you trust that God is not willing that any should perish when you think about your unsaved loved ones? Do you trust that God works all things together for good when your life becomes dark, stressful and troubled? Do you believe that God is so able?

          Jude 24, “Now to Him who is ABLE to keep you from stumbling and to present you faultless before the presence of His glory with exceeding joy…”

          Let us pray that God may strengthen our faith.

         

                            

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